腹壁缺损的修复与重建一直是研究的难点，尤其是复杂腹壁缺损。各种腹壁外科技术及补片材料的出现，为腹壁缺损的治疗带来了更多的选择。但对于合并腹壁功能不全的复杂巨大腹壁缺损的治疗，仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。A型肉毒毒素（BTA）侧腹壁肌肉注射由于能够麻痹侧腹壁肌肉、缩小腹壁缺损，在腹壁缺损治疗领域成为研究的热点之一。本文结合笔者临床应用的经验，就BTA在复杂腹壁缺损治疗中的应用作一综述。

It is difficult for surgeons to repair and reconstruct abdominal wall defects, especially the complex abdominal wall defects. Various abdominal wall surgical techniques and mesh materials have brought more options for the treatment of abdominal wall defects. However, the treatment of complex and large abdominal wall defects with abdominal wall dysfunction remains a challenge. Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injection into the lateral abdominal wall muscles has become one of the hot spots in the treatment field of abdominal wall defects because it can paralyze the abdominal wall muscles and narrow the abdominal wall defects. Based on the clinical experience, this article reviews the application of BTA in the treatment of complex abdominal wall defects.