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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (01) : 69 -74. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2023.01.015

调查统计

腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症状况及其影响因素分析
马金栋1, 王蕾2, 蔡婷婷2, 焦向飞1, 陈强谱1,()   
  1. 1. 256600 滨州医学院附属医院肝胆外科
    2. 256600 滨州医学院附属医院临床营养科
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-14 出版日期:2023-02-01
  • 通信作者: 陈强谱
  • 基金资助:
    山东省临床重点专科学科建设基金资助项目(SLCZDZK-0701); 山东省胆胰肿瘤精品特色专科建设基金资助项目(SLCZDZK-2401)

Current status and influencing factors of sarcopenia in abdominal surgery inpatients

Jindong Ma1, Lei Wang2, Tingting Cai2, Xiangfei Jiao1, Qiangpu Chen1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
    2. Department of Clinical Nutrition Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
  • Received:2022-07-14 Published:2023-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Qiangpu Chen
引用本文:

马金栋, 王蕾, 蔡婷婷, 焦向飞, 陈强谱. 腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症状况及其影响因素分析[J]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2023, 17(01): 69-74.

Jindong Ma, Lei Wang, Tingting Cai, Xiangfei Jiao, Qiangpu Chen. Current status and influencing factors of sarcopenia in abdominal surgery inpatients[J]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(01): 69-74.

目的

了解腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症的患病情况,分析其影响因素,为住院患者营养干预提供支持。

方法

采用横断面研究,调查2019年12月至2021年7月山东省某三甲医院腹部外科符合入组标准的住院患者1 131例。记录患者一般资料,测定握力和6米步速时间,行人体成分分析和血清学指标测定,应用NRS2002量表进行营养风险筛查。根据亚洲肌肉减少症工作组(AWGS)2019诊断标准判定是否存在肌肉减少症,计算人群肌肉减少症患病率。将住院患者和其中的手术患者分为肌肉减少症组和非肌肉减少症组,比较住院患者的相关营养指标和手术患者的住院时间和术后住院时间,分析影响肌肉减少症的因素。

结果

调查显示1 131例患者中肌肉减少症患者165例,患病率为14.59%;握力异常305例(26.97%),四肢骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI)异常307例(27.14%),步速异常272例(24.05%)。两组患者在体质量、体质指数、骨骼肌质量、去脂体质量、左上臂肌肉围度、相位角、白蛋白水平、血红蛋白水平、红细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数等方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。手术患者中肌肉减少症组的住院时间和术后住院时间明显长于非肌肉减少症组(P<0.05)。年龄、营养风险、黄疸程度是肌肉减少症的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。

结论

腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症的患病率较高,影响手术患者的住院时间和术后住院时间。通过对肌肉减少症的及时筛查和干预,有助于改善患者的临床结局和疾病预后。

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in inpatients with abdominal surgery, and analyze its influencing factors, providing support for nutritional interventions in inpatients.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate 1 131 inpatients after abdominal surgery who met the inclusion criteria in a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province from December 2019 to July 2021. General information was recorded, grip strength and 6-meter step time were measured, body composition analysis and serological indexes were performed, and nutritional risk screening was performed using the NRS2002 scale. The presence of sarcopenia was determined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 diagnostic criteria. The patients were divided into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group, while relevant nutritional indicators of all patients, the length of hospital stay, and postoperative hospital stay of surgical patients were compared to screen the influencing factors of sarcopenia.

Results

A total of 165 patients were found with sarcopenia, with a prevalence of 14.59%. 305 cases (26.97%) had abnormal grip strength, 307 cases (27.14%) had abnormal skeletal muscle index (ASMI), and 272 cases (24.05%) had abnormal gait speed. There were significant differences in weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, defatted weight, left upper arm muscle circumference, phase angle, albumin, hemoglobin, red blood cells, and lymphocytes between the two groups (all P<0.05). The length of hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay were significantly longer in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group among the surgical patients (P<0.05). Age, nutritional risk, and jaundice were independent influencing factors of sarcopenia (all P<0.05).

Conclusions

The prevalence of sarcopenia in inpatients of abdominal surgery is at a high level, which affects the length of hospital and postoperative hospital stay of surgical patients. Timely screening and intervention of sarcopenia may help improving the clinical outcome and disease prognosis of patients.

表1 腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症诊断情况[例(%)]
项目 例数 肌肉减少症患病率 握力异常率 ASMI异常率 步速异常率
性别          
  619(54.73) 91(14.70) 168(27.14) 165(26.66) 138(22.29)
  512(45.27) 74(14.45) 137(26.76) 142(27.73) 134(26.17)
年龄(岁)          
  <60 525(46.42) 22(4.19) 53(10.10) 67(12.76) 40(7.62)
  ≥60 606(53.58) 143(23.60) 252(41.58) 240(39.60) 232(38.28)
体质指数(kg/m2)          
  <18.5 56(4.95) 33(58.93) 34(60.71) 52(92.86) 25(44.64)
  18.5~<24 478(42.26) 112(23.43) 168(35.15) 206(43.10) 135(28.24)
  ≥24 597(52.79) 20(3.35) 103(17.25) 49(8.21) 112(18.76)
相位角          
  291(25.73) 114(39.18) 175(60.14) 165(56.70) 146(50.17)
  正常 840(74.27) 51(6.07) 130(15.48) 142(16.90) 126(15.00)
营养风险(NRS2002评分)          
  无(<3分) 803(71.00) 76(9.46) 161(20.05) 173(21.54) 137(17.06)
  有(≥3分) 328(29.00) 89(27.13) 144(43.90) 134(40.85) 135(41.16)
主要疾病          
  肝脏恶性肿瘤 166(14.68) 11(6.63) 30(18.07) 34(20.48) 32(19.28)
  胆系恶性肿瘤 116(10.26) 36(31.03) 56(48.28) 49(42.24) 54(46.55)
  胰腺恶性肿瘤 74(6.54) 20(27.03) 28(37.84) 37(50.00) 33(44.59)
  胃肠道恶性肿瘤 61(5.39) 20(32.79) 32(52.46) 25(40.98) 26(42.62)
  肝脏良性疾病 124(10.96) 5(4.03) 16(12.90) 22(17.74) 13(10.48)
  胆系良性疾病 513(45.36) 66(12.87) 128(24.95) 124(24.17) 99(19.30)
  胰腺良性疾病 12(1.06) 2(16.67) 4(33.33) 4(33.33) 4(33.33)
  其他 65(5.75) 5(7.69) 11(16.92) 12(18.46) 11(16.92)
黄疸程度          
  正常 547(48.36) 67(12.25) 123(22.49) 145(26.51) 107(19.56)
  隐形黄疸 306(27.06) 40(13.07) 79(25.82) 77(25.16) 62(20.26)
  轻度黄疸 192(16.98) 30(15.63) 59(30.73) 48(25.00) 50(26.04)
  中度黄疸 57(5.04) 20(35.09) 30(52.63) 27(47.37) 36(63.16)
  重度黄疸 29(2.56) 8(27.59) 14(48.28) 10(34.48) 17(58.62)
表2 1 131例腹部外科住院患者肌肉减少症相关影响因素分析[例(%)]
表3 自变量及因变量赋值情况
表4 二元Logistic回归分析
表5 两组患者营养指标的比较(±s )
表6 两组手术患者住院时间和术后住院时间的比较(d, ±s)
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