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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (06) : 390 -395. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2025.06.006

论著

超声引导下星状神经节阻滞联合右美托咪定对老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者炎性因子及快速康复的影响
葛建岭1, 杨勇1, 王坤1, 徐成1, 李晓明2, 王伟1,()   
  1. 1 239000 滁州,安徽医科大学附属滁州医院(滁州市第一人民医院)麻醉科
    2 237005 六安,皖西卫生职业学院附属医院麻醉科
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-13 出版日期:2025-12-01
  • 通信作者: 王伟
  • 基金资助:
    安徽医科大学校科研基金项目(2023xkj213); 安徽省教育厅高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2021A1368)

Impact of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block combined with dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors and fast track recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients

Jianling Ge1, Yong Yang1, Kun Wang1, Cheng Xu1, Xiaoming Li2, Wei Wang1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University (the First People’s Hospital of Chuzhou), Chuzhou 239000, China
    2 Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu’an 237005, China
  • Received:2025-06-13 Published:2025-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Wei Wang
引用本文:

葛建岭, 杨勇, 王坤, 徐成, 李晓明, 王伟. 超声引导下星状神经节阻滞联合右美托咪定对老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者炎性因子及快速康复的影响[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2025, 19(06): 390-395.

Jianling Ge, Yong Yang, Kun Wang, Cheng Xu, Xiaoming Li, Wei Wang. Impact of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block combined with dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors and fast track recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(06): 390-395.

目的

探讨超声引导下星状神经节阻滞(SGB)联合右美托咪定对老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)后炎性因子水平及快速康复的影响。

方法

选取2024年1月至2025年4月安徽医科大学附属滁州医院(滁州市第一人民医院)收治的80例老年LC患者,按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组40例。试验组于超声引导下行右侧SGB,注射0.3%罗哌卡因6 ml,并于手术开始前10 min使用右美托咪定负荷剂量0.5 µg/kg,10 min输注完毕后以0.5 µg·kg-1·h-1恒速泵注至手术结束前15 min;对照组则在相同部位注射等量0.9%氯化钠溶液,右美托咪定使用方法同试验组。比较两组患者术前1 d、术后1 d炎性因子水平(IL-6、TNF-α、IL-10)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI),术后 2 d PSQI,术后6、12、24 h 疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及术后不良反应发生率。

结果

术后1 d,对照组IL-6、TNF-α水平升高,IL-10水平降低(均P<0.05);试验组仅IL-6水平升高(P<0.05),且IL-6、TNF-α水平低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组(均P<0.05)。对照组PSQI于术后1、2 d升高,试验组仅术后1 d升高且始终低于对照组(均P<0.05)。试验组VAS在术后6、12、24 h均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。试验组术后恶心呕吐(PONV)发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。

结论

超声引导下SGB联合右美托咪定有效抑制老年患者LC后炎性因子过度释放,减轻术后疼痛,改善睡眠质量,降低PONV发生率,促进术后快速康复且安全性良好。

Objective

To explore the effects of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) combined with dexmedetomidine on postoperative inflammatory factor levels and fast-track recovery in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Methods

From January 2024 to April 2025, 80 elderly patients undergoing LC in the Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University (the First People’s Hospital of Chuzhou) were selected and randomly allocated to a trial group and a control group, each comprising 40 cases. The trial group received right-sided SGB under ultrasound guidance with 6 ml of 0.3% ropivacaine injection, and a loading dose of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg/kg was administered 10 minutes before surgery. The infusion was completed within 10 minutes and then continued at a constant rate of 0.5 µg·kg-1·h-1 until 15 minutes before the end of surgery. The control group received the same volume of normal saline at the same site, and the use of dexmedetomidine was the same as in the trial group. The levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10) were compared between the day before surgery, the 1st postoperative day, as well as the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) on the day before surgery, postoperative day 1 and 2, the visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain at 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.

Results

One day after surgery, the control group showed increased IL-6 and TNF-α and decreased IL-10 (all P<0.05). In the trial group, only IL-6 increased (P<0.05), remaining lower than in controls, while TNF-α was also lower and IL-10 higher (all P<0.05). PSQI rose in the control group on postoperative day 1 and 2, whereas the trial group increased only on the 1st day and stayed below controls (all P<0.05). VAS scores were consistently lower in the trial group at 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively (all P<0.05), and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was lower than in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Ultrasound-guided SCB combined with dexmedetomidine can effectively inhibit the excessive release of inflammatory factors in elderly patients following LC, reduce postoperative pain, improve sleep quality, decrease the incidence of PONV, and promote fast-track recovery with good safety. It has important clinical application values and a broad application prospect.

表1 两组患者一般资料的比较
图1 星状神经节阻滞
表2 两组患者手术相关指标的比较(
±s
表3 两组患者炎性因子水平的比较(
±s,ng/L)
表4 两组患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的比较(
±s,分)
表5 两组患者术后疼痛视觉模拟评分的比较(
±s
表6 两组患者不良反应发生率的比较[例(%)]
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