依据直肠癌中p53、CD44V6蛋白表达特点，探讨在改进低位直肠癌保肛根治术方案中的应用价值。

应用免疫组化法检测52例结肠癌和61例直肠癌中的p53、CD44V6蛋白表达情况，调查患者3年生存率并作比较。

结肠癌中P53阳性表达率为42.31%，在直肠癌为68.85%，差异有高度统计学意义（P<0.01）；CD44V6阳性率在结肠癌为55.77%，直肠癌为68.85%差异无统计学意义。结肠癌术后3年生存率为83.33%，直肠癌为71.93%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。

与结肠癌比较，直肠癌疾病表现p53过度表达、CD44V6阳性率趋高而生存率低的特点；在改进低位直肠癌保肛手术中根据免疫组化分子界面切除直肠癌及涉及到的病变组织，保存肛门原有功能，减少局部复发提高低位直肠癌患者长期生存率。

According to the expression of p53, CD44V6 protein in rectal carcinoma, and investigate its guiding value in new surgical planning of anus-preserving radical resection of low rectal carcinoma.

The expressions of p53, CD44V6 protein in 52 cases of colon carcinoma and 61 cases of rectal carcinoma proteins were measured by immunohistochemcial technique. Three-year survival rate of the patients were also investigated.

The expression of p53 in rectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in colon carcinoma, 68.85% vs 42.30%, P<0.01. The positive rate of CD44V6 was 55.77% in colon carcinoma and 68.85% in rectal carcinoma. There were no significant differences, but it also has higher positives in rectal carcinoma. The three-year survival rate was lower in rectal carcinoma than that in colon carcinoma, 71.93% vs 83.33%, P<0.05.

Compare to that in colon carcinoma, p53 is over-expression and the positivity of CD44V6 is higher in rectal carcinoma. Three-year survival rate of rectal carcinoma is lower. In new surgical planning of anus-preserving radical resection, it is important to excise cancer and possible tumor infiltrated lymphous and adipic tissues for reduce the local recurrence and improve the survival rate.