探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中局部应用质量浓度2%碘酊对减少皮下积液的效果。

前瞻性选择2018年5月至2019年3月新乡医学院第一附属医院行乳腺癌改良根治术的81例患者为研究对象，按随机数字法分为观察组（41例）和对照组（40例）。观察组手术创面喷洒5 ml质量浓度2%碘酊，对照组手术创面喷洒5 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液。比较两组患者术后第1天、第2天和第3天引流管引流量、留置时间，住院时间，皮下积液、皮瓣坏死等术后并发症的发生率。

两组患者在年龄、体质指数、职业和学历方面比较，差异无统计学意义。观察组术后第1天、第2天、第3天引流管引流量均低于对照组，引流管留置时间和住院时间短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.348、4.421、2.966、5.936、10.070，P=0.001、<0.001、0.004、<0.001、<0.001）。观察组术后皮瓣坏死发生率为7.3%（3/41），对照组为5.0%（2/40），差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.240，P=0.624）。观察组术后皮下积液发生率4.9%（2/41），低于对照组的20.0%（8/40），差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.278，P=0.039）。

乳腺癌改良根治术中局部应用质量浓度2%碘酊，可有效减少引流管引流量及引流管留置时间，预防皮下积液的发生。

To investigate the efficacy of topical administration of 2% iodine tincture in modified radical mastectomy on reducing subcutaneous effusion.

From May 2018 to March 2019, a total of eighty-one patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were enrolled prospectively in this study. According to the random number, they were divided into two groups. 41 patients in the trial group were administrated 2% iodine tincture in the surface of operative wounds, and 40 patients in the control group were administrated 0.9% sodium chloride injection. The following data were compared as postoperative drainage volume 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation, postoperative drainage tube duration and hospitalization duration, and the incidence of postoperative complications such as subcutaneous effusion and flap necrosis between the two groups.

There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, occupation and education background between the two groups. The postoperative drainage volume 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation in the trial group were less than those in the control group, the postoperative drainage tube duration and hospitalization duration were shorter in the trial group compared to the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=3.348, 4.421, 2.966, 5.936, 10.070, P=0.001, <0.001, 0.004, <0.001, <0.001). The incidence of flap necrosis after operation in the trial group was 7.3% (3/41), and the control group was 5.0% (2/40), with no satistically significant difference (χ²=0.240, P=0.624). The incidence of subcutaneous effusion after operation in the trial group was 4.9% (2/41), which was lower than 20.0% (8/40) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.278, P=0.039).

Topical administration of 2% iodine tincture in modified radical mastectomy can effectively reduce postoperative drainage volume, shorten drainage tube duration, and prevent subcutaneous effusion.