探究腹膜后囊性病变（RCL）的临床特征及病理类型。

回顾性分析北京协和医院外科2010年1月至2020年10月所有诊断为RCL的65例患者，总结患者的临床病理特征、囊肿影像学表现、治疗方式及近期临床结局。

女性多于男性，其中17例（26.2%）有症状，36例（55.4%）同时合并其他器官囊肿。囊肿最大截面直径（7.49±2.83）cm。影像学表现多样，无特异性。病理类型按发病率由高到低为纤维囊壁组织、淋巴管囊肿、成熟性囊性畸胎瘤、支气管源性囊肿、囊性间皮瘤、皮样囊肿。60例行手术治疗，术后均无复发，4例（6.7%）出现并发症。

RCL病理类型多样，多为先天胚胎发育异常疾病，部分存在恶变可能，应早期诊断、尽早手术切除，总体预后较好。发现脏器囊肿后应进一步行CT检查利于RCL的早期诊断。

To explore the clinical features and histopathological types of retroperitoneal cystic lesions (RCL).

A retrospective study of 65 cases diagnosed as RCL in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to October 2020 was conducted. The clinical pathological features, imaging, therapeutic data and short-term outcomes were analyzed.

The number of women was more than that of men. Among them, 17 cases (26.2%) had symptoms and 36 cases (55.4%) were simultaneously diagnosed with cysts in other organs. The maximum diameter of the cysts was (7.49±2.83) cm. The imaging findings of RCL were diverse and nonspecific. According to the incidence rate of histopathological types from high to low, pathological types were fibrous cystic lesion, lymphangiocyst, mature cystic teratoma, bronchogenic cyst, cystic mesothelioma and dermoid cyst. Sixty cases underwent surgical operation, and no recurrence occurred. Four cases (6.7%) had complications.

The histopathological types of RCL are various. Most of them are related to congenital embryonic dysplasia, and some of them have the possibility of malignant transformation, therefore early detection and timely surgical resection are necessary. The CT examination should be further carried out after discovery of organ cysts to facilitate the early diagnosis of RCL.