急性阑尾炎是最常见的急腹症，一个多世纪以来，阑尾切除术一直被认为是治疗的"金标准"。随着医学技术发展，微创治疗理念深入人心，避免阑尾切除成为急性阑尾炎治疗可能的探索方向。2012年内镜下逆行阑尾炎治疗术（ERAT）被成功应用于临床实践，后续国内少数单位进行同类尝试，目前研究主要针对急性非复杂性阑尾炎治疗，针对急性复杂性阑尾炎亦有少数尝试，均报道了积极的结果，但仍缺乏Ⅰ类证据，有较大探索空间。本文基于范围综述方法，对目前发表的相关文献进行汇总梳理，以期反映ERAT技术的应用现状，以及治疗不同病理类型急性阑尾炎的优势，并提示未来研究方向。

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute abdomen, and appendectomy has been the golden standard of treatment for more than a century. With the development of medical technology, the concept of mini-invasive treatment has become popular, and the new treatment of acute appendicitis instead of appendectomy has become a possible direction of exploration. In 2012, endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) is practiced successfully in clinic, which is followed by a small number of domestic units in the same attempt. Current studies mainly focus on the treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis, and a few attempts have been made for acute complicated appendicitis. Positive results have been reported, but there is still a lack of classⅠevidence, leaving much room for exploration. Based on the scoping review method, this paper summarizes and sorts out the relevant published literatures so far, so as to reflect the application status of ERAT and the advantages of treating different pathological types of acute appendicitis cases, suggesting the direction of future research.