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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04) : 269 -273. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2025.04.009

论著

真空辅助微创切除术治疗乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤的安全性评估:基于倾向性评分匹配
严孟欣, 朱星瑀, 陈翔()   
  1. 214205 无锡,江苏大学附属宜兴医院甲状腺乳腺外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22 出版日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 陈翔

Evaluation of the efficacy of vacuum-assisted excision in the treatment of benign phyllodes tumor of the breast: A propensity score-matching based study

Mengxin Yan, Xingyu Zhu, Xiang Chen()   

  1. Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yixing Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214205, China
  • Received:2025-04-22 Published:2025-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiang Chen
引用本文:

严孟欣, 朱星瑀, 陈翔. 真空辅助微创切除术治疗乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤的安全性评估:基于倾向性评分匹配[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2025, 19(04): 269-273.

Mengxin Yan, Xingyu Zhu, Xiang Chen. Evaluation of the efficacy of vacuum-assisted excision in the treatment of benign phyllodes tumor of the breast: A propensity score-matching based study[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(04): 269-273.

目的

探讨超声引导下真空辅助微创切除术(VAE)治疗乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤的安全性与有效性。

方法

回顾性分析2016年6月至2023年12月江苏大学附属宜兴医院收治的170例乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤患者临床资料。根据手术方式分为VAE组和开放手术组(OE),采用倾向性评分匹配法平衡两组基线特征。比较两组患者的临床特征、局部复发率、围手术期数据。

结果

匹配前共纳入170例患者(VAE组88例,OE组82例);匹配后两组各59例,基线资料均衡,差异无统计学意义。中位随访时间28.5(1~91)个月,两组局部复发率均为16.9%。在术后2年内(Log-rank P=0.415)、术后超过2年(Log-rank P=0.062)分段,VAE组与OE组的累积无复发生存率差异均无统计学意义。与OE组相比,VAE组的切口长度缩短,术后数字评分量表评分降低,但住院费用明显增加(P<0.05)。

结论

VAE与OE在乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤患者中具有相近的无复发生存期,是良性分叶状肿瘤的微创治疗选择。

Objective

To explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) in the treatment of benign phyllodes tumor of the breast.

Methods

The clinical data of 170 patients with benign phyllodes tumor of the breast admitted to Yixing Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University from June 2016 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the VAE group and the open excision (OE) group according to the surgical method. Propensity score matching was used to balance the baseline characteristics of the two groups. The clinical characteristics, local recurrence rate, and perioperative data of the two groups were compared.

Results

A total of 170 patients were included before matching (88 in the VAE group and 82 in the OE group); after matching, there were 59 patients in each group, and the baseline data were balanced. The median follow-up period was 28.5 (1-91) months. The local recurrence rate was 16.9% in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the cumulative recurrence-free survival rate between the VAE group and the OE group within 2 years after surgery (Log-rank P=0.415) or more than 2 years after surgery (Log-rank P=0.062). Compared with the OE group, the VAE group had shorter incision length, lower score of numeric rating scale, but significantly higher hospitalization costs (P<0.05).

Conclusion

VAE and OE have similar recurrence-free survival periods in patients with benign phyllodes tumor of the breast and are both minimally invasive treatment options for benign phyllodes tumor.

表1 倾向性评分匹配前后乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤患者一般资料的比较
项目 匹配前 匹配后
VAE组(88例) OE组(82例) 统计值 P VAE组(59例) OE组(59例) 统计值 P
年龄a 29.50(21.50, 37.50) 37.5(29.00,44.00) Z=-3.12 0.002 32.00(21.00, 42.00) 34.00(27.00, 44.00) Z=1.23 0.218
是否生育b χ2=2.77 0.096 χ2=1.93 0.165
33(37.5) 21(25.6) 22(37.3) 15(25.4)
55(62.5) 61(74.4) 37(62.7) 44(74.6)
是否绝经b χ2=3.07 0.799 χ2=1.04 0.309
87(98.9) 77(93.9) 58(98.3) 56(94.9)
1(1.1) 5(6.1) 1(1.7) 3(5.1)
纤维腺瘤病史b χ2=0.48 0.487 χ2=0.26 0.609
74(84.1) 72(87.8) 49(83.1) 51(86.4)
14(15.9) 10(12.2) 10(16.9) 8(13.6)
症状b χ2=0.01 0.943 χ2<0.001 1.000
86(97.7) 80(97.6) 58(98.3) 58(98.3)
2(2.3) 2(2.4) 1(1.7) 1(1.7)
病灶侧别b χ2=2.39 0.122 χ2=1.23 0.268
48(54.5) 35(42.7) 30(50.8) 24(40.7)
40(45.5) 47(57.3) 29(49.2) 35(59.3)
病灶位置c - 0.171 - 0.377
外上象限 31(35.2) 41(50.0) 24(40.7) 26(44.1)
外下象限 26(29.5) 13(15.9) 19(32.2) 13(22.0)
内上象限 21(23.9) 16(19.5) 13(22.0) 11(18.6)
内下象限 7(8.0) 8(9.8) 2(3.4) 5(8.5)
中央区 3(3.4) 4(4.9) 1(1.7) 4(6.8)
病灶大小(mm)a 19.00(14.50, 23.00) 20.0(17.00, 25.00) Z=-1.88 0.060 19.00(14.00, 25.00) 21.00(17.00, 25.00) Z=0.88 0.381
病灶数量b χ2=0.64 0.423 χ2<0.001 1.000
单发 65(73.9) 56(68.3) 42(71.2) 42(71.2)
多发 23(26.1) 26(31.7) 17(28.8) 17(28.8)
BI-RADS分级c Z=-4.81 <0.001 Z=-1.41 0.159
3 76(86.4) 44(53.7) 48(81.4) 42(71.2)
4A 12(13.6) 30(36.6) 11(18.6) 14(23.7)
4B 0(0) 7(8.5) 0(0) 3 (5.1)
4C 0(0) 1(1.2) 0(0) 0(0)
病灶形状b χ2=18.29 <0.001 χ2=2.35 0.125
规则 77(87.5) 48(58.5) 49(83.1) 42 (71.2)
不规则 11(12.5) 34(41.5) 10(16.9) 17(28.8)
钙化b χ2=1.13 0.288 χ2=2.03 0.154
5(5.7) 2(2.4) 2(3.4) 0(0)
83(94.3) 80(97.6) 57(96.6) 59(100.0)
图1 分段前后两组患者的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线 A为分段前:生存曲线于术后24个月至30个月存在交叉,意味着不同时间段风险差异方向相反,可能因前后效应的“相互抵消”导致结果不显著;B为分段后:术后0~2年、术后>2年OE组与VAE组的累积无复发生存率比较
表2 两组乳腺良性分叶状肿瘤患者围手术期数据的比较
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