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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 21 -27. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2025.01.004

论著

腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后预置造口与襻式回肠造口短期疗效评价:一项倾向性评分匹配队列研究
王振宁1,2, 杨康2,3, 王得晨2,3, 邹敏2, 归明彬2, 王雅楠2,4, 徐明2,()   
  1. 1.730030 兰州,西北民族大学
    2.730030 兰州,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第940医院肛肠科
    3.750004 银川,宁夏医科大学
    4.730030 兰州,甘肃中医药大学
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-24 出版日期:2025-02-01
  • 通信作者: 徐明
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(21JR7RA006)院内科研计划项目(2021yxky018)西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(31920200016)

Short-term efficacy of ghost ileostomy versus loop-type ileostomy following laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer: A propensity score matched cohort study

Zhenning Wang1,2, Kang Yang2,3, Dechen Wang2,3, Min Zou2, Mingbin Gui2, Yanan Wang2,4, Ming Xu2,()   

  1. 1.Northwest University for Nationalities,Lanzhou 730030, China
    2.Department of Anorectal Surgery, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730030, China
    3.Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
    4.Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730030, China
  • Received:2024-07-24 Published:2025-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Ming Xu
引用本文:

王振宁, 杨康, 王得晨, 邹敏, 归明彬, 王雅楠, 徐明. 腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后预置造口与襻式回肠造口短期疗效评价:一项倾向性评分匹配队列研究[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 21-27.

Zhenning Wang, Kang Yang, Dechen Wang, Min Zou, Mingbin Gui, Yanan Wang, Ming Xu. Short-term efficacy of ghost ileostomy versus loop-type ileostomy following laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer: A propensity score matched cohort study[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(01): 21-27.

目的

分析比较腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后预置造口与襻式回肠造口对中低位直肠癌患者的临床疗效。

方法

回顾性收集联勤保障部队第940 医院2018 年6 月至2021 年6 月收治的161 例限期行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的中低位直肠癌患者病例资料,根据倾向性评分,按1 1 匹配方法将患者分为预置造口组和襻式回肠造口组,各49 例。比较两组患者的一般资料、术中情况、术中及术后并发症、造口相关并发症以及手术前后炎性因子的变化。

结果

相较于襻式回肠造口组,预置造口组住院花费减少(P=0.010),手术时长和住院时长也相对缩短(P<0.05),术中失血量减少(P=0.001),术后3 个月内的再次手术比例、术后6 个月造口状态比例和使用抗生素的天数更少(P<0.05);两组患者术前WBC、PCT 和IL-6 等炎性指标水平差异均无统计学意义,预置造口组术后1、2、3、5 d 时炎性指标水平明显低于襻式回肠造口组(P<0.05)。

结论

预置造口是一种更安全、更有效且更节省住院时间和费用的手术方法,其应用于腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后并发症及相关造口并发症较少,有助于改善患者的预后。

Objective

To analyze and compare the clinical outcomes of ghost ileostomy and looptype ileostomy following laparoscopic radical resection in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.

Methods

Data of 161 patients with middle and low rectal cancer who underwent elective laparoscopic radical resection in the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force between June 2018 and June 2021 were retrospectively collected.Based on propensity score matching, the patients were divided into the ghost ileostomy group and the loop-type ileostomy group, with 49 patients in each group.The general clinical characteristics, intraoperative conditions, intraoperative and postoperative complications, stoma-related complications, and changes in inflammatory markers before and after surgery between the two groups were compared.

Results

Compared with the loop-type ileostomy group, the ghost ileostomy group had less hospitalization costs (P=0.010), shorter operative and hospitalization time (P<0.05), less intraoperative blood loss (P=0.001), and lower rates of reoperation within three months postoperatively, stoma state at six months postoperatively, and days of antibiotic use (P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative inflammatory markers such as WBC, PCT, and IL-6 between the two groups.However, the levels of inflammatory markers on day 1, 2, 3, and 5 postoperatively were significantly lower in the ghost ileostomy group compared to the loop-type ileostomy group (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Ghost ileostomy is a safer, more effective surgical method that reduces hospitalization time and costs.Its application in laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer is associated with fewer complications and stoma-related issues, contributing to better patient outcomes.

图1 末端回肠预置于腹壁下
图2 预置造口红色导尿管固定于皮肤上
表1 倾向性评分匹配前后两组患者一般资料比较
项目 匹配前 匹配后
预置造口组 襻式回肠造口组 统计值 P 预置造口组 襻式回肠造口组 统计值 P
例数 76 85 49 49
年龄(岁)a 64.28±8.46 62.46±8.14 t=1.387 0.167 64.26±7.79 62.71±8.42 t=0.955 0.347
性别b χ 2=5.038 0.025 χ 2=0 1.000
55(72.4) 47(55.3) 28(57.1) 28(57.1)
21(27.6) 38(44.7) 21(42.9) 21(42.9)
体质指数(kg/m2a 22.87±2.90 23.11±3.13 t=-0.498 0.616 22.92±2.96 23.26±3.10 t=-0.561 0.580
肿瘤最大直径(cm)a 3.53±1.26 3.42±1.09 t=0.587 0.553 3.51±1.07 3.34±1.20 t=0.737 0.461
术前白蛋白(mg/L)a 37.39±3.66 38.41±2.97 t=-2.117 0.053 36.56±3.98 38.13±3.32 t=-2.117 0.037
肿瘤下缘距肛缘距离(cm)a 4.50±1.44 4.34±1.48 t=0.691 0.489 4.60±1.53 4.57±1.50 t=0.103 0.922
术前放化疗史b χ 2=4.643 0.098 χ 2=0.221 0.896
55(72.4) 48(56.5) 27(55.1) 26(53.1)
化疗 15(19.7) 24(28.2) 13(26.5) 15(30.6)
放疗 6(7.9) 13(15.3) 9(18.4) 8(16.3)
腹部手术史b 28(36.8) 35(41.2) χ 2=0.316 0.574 15(30.6) 16(32.6) χ 2=0.047 0.828
ASA分级b χ 2=6.294 0.043 χ 2=2.961 0.228
10(13.2) 20(23.5) 8(16.3) 15(30.6)
61(80.3) 53(62.4) 33(67.4) 26(53.1)
5(6.6) 12(14.1) 8(16.3) 8(16.3)
TNM分期b χ 2=4.266 0.234 χ 2=2.091 0.554
11(14.5) 20(23.5) 8(16.3) 9(18.4)
36(47.4) 28(32.9) 22(44.9) 18(36.7)
24(31.6) 32(37.6) 16(32.6) 15(30.6)
5(6.6) 5(5.9) 3(6.1) 7(14.3)
术前贫血b 14(18.4) 28(32.9) χ 2=4.387 0.036 12(24.5) 19(38.8) χ 2=2.312 0.128
基础疾病b 22(28.9) 26(30.6) χ 2=0.052 0.820 13(26.5) 15(30.6) χ 2=0.200 0.655
术前CEA(μg/L)c 2.60(2.10,3.13) 2.60(2.23,2.90) Z=-10.931 <0.001 2.70(2.50,2.80) 2.60(2.42,2.90) Z=-0.143 0.886
表2 匹配后两组患者手术情况及术后相关指标的比较
图3 预置造口组与襻式回肠造口组手术前后白细胞计数(WBC)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平比较
表3 匹配后两组患者术后并发症情况比较[例(%)]
表4 术后两组造口并发症情况比较[例(%)]
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