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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (01) : 18 -23. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2026.01.004

所属专题: 文献

论著

胆囊切除术后胆总管结石腹腔镜手术治疗经验
刘卓1,2, 张宗明1,2,(), 刘立民1,2, 张翀1,2, 赵月1,2, 齐晖1,2   
  1. 1 100073 北京,国家电网公司北京电力医院普通外科
    2 100073 北京,中国通用技术集团普通外科肝胆疾病临床医学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-20 出版日期:2026-02-01
  • 通信作者: 张宗明
  • 基金资助:
    北京市科技重大专项-生物医药与生命科学创新培育研究项目(Z171100000417056); 国中康健集团有限公司科学技术项目(GZKJ-KJXX-QTHT-20230626,20240429)

Experience of laparoscopic surgeries for choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy

Zhuo Liu1,2, Zongming Zhang1,2,(), Limin Liu1,2, Chong Zhang1,2, Yue Zhao1,2, Hui Qi1,2   

  1. 1 Department of General Surgery, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, State Grid Corporation of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100073, China
    2 Clinical Medical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases in General Surgery, China General Technology Group, Beijing 100073, China
  • Received:2025-05-20 Published:2026-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Zongming Zhang
引用本文:

刘卓, 张宗明, 刘立民, 张翀, 赵月, 齐晖. 胆囊切除术后胆总管结石腹腔镜手术治疗经验[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 18-23.

Zhuo Liu, Zongming Zhang, Limin Liu, Chong Zhang, Yue Zhao, Hui Qi. Experience of laparoscopic surgeries for choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(01): 18-23.

目的

探讨胆囊切除术后胆总管结石腹腔镜手术治疗的安全性和疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2018年5月至2025年2月在国家电网公司北京电力医院因胆囊切除术后胆总管结石行腹腔镜手术的26例患者临床资料,根据手术方式分为腹腔镜胆总管探查术组(LCBDE,19例)和腹腔镜经胆囊管胆总管探查术组(LTCBDE,7例),对比两组患者围手术期指标,并亚组分析前次手术方式对围手术期指标的影响。

结果

LTCBDE组残余胆囊管长度显著大于LCBDE组[(1.7±0.7) cm vs(1.0±0.3) cm,P<0.05],术后住院时间显著短于LCBDE组[(8.1±2.3)d vs(15.3±3.4)d,P<0.05]。两组发病间隔时间、结石数量和大小、术前实验室检查指标、手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症差异均无统计学意义。前次手术方式与本次手术的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间无关。术后随访3~83个月,无迟发性胆管损伤、胆总管结石复发。

结论

胆囊切除术后胆总管结石患者行腹腔镜手术是安全可行的,LTCBDE优势明显,可根据残余胆囊管长度等情况个体化选择腹腔镜手术方式。

Objective

To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgeries for choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 26 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy in Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Corporation from May 2018 to February 2025. According to the surgical methods, the patients were divided into laparoscopic common bile duct exploration group (LCBDE, 19 cases) and laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration group (LTCBDE, 7 cases), and perioperative indicators were compared between the two groups. The impact of previous surgical methods on perioperative indicators was analyzed in subgroups.

Results

The length of residual cystic duct in the LTCBDE group was significantly longer than that in the LCBDE group [(1.7±0.7) cm vs (1.0±0.3) cm, P<0.05], and the postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter than that in the LCBDE group [(8.1±2.3) d vs (15.3±3.4) d, P<0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the interval from disease onset, the number and size of stones, preoperative blood tests, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, or postoperative complications. The previous surgical method was not related to the surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, or postoperative hospital stay. During the postoperative follow-up period of 3 to 83 months, no delayed biliary injuries or recurrence of common bile duct stones were observed.

Conclusions

Laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for patients with choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy. LTCBDE has obvious advantages, and the laparoscopic surgical approach can be individually selected based on factors such as the length of the residual cystic duct.

图1 1例腹腔镜胆囊切除术后10年的58岁女性CBDS患者的LTCBDE术中图像 A.暴露胆囊管残端(箭头);B.分离胆囊管残端(箭头);C.缝针穿刺切开残留胆囊管(箭头);D.残留胆囊管开口(箭头);E.拟插入胆道镜(箭头);F.插入胆道镜(蓝色箭头),胆总管下段可见黑色结石(红色箭头); G~H.取石结束后缝合胆囊管开口(箭头):I.胆囊管缝合处用可吸收夹(箭头)加固; CBDS.胆总管结石; LTCBDE.腹腔镜经胆囊管胆总管探查术
表1 两组患者结石数目、大小、发病间隔时间及实验室指标比较(Mann-Whitney U检验)
表2 两组患者前次手术方式的比较(例)
表3 两组患者术中及术后情况比较
表4 前次手术方式(开腹、腹腔镜手术)对术中及术后情况影响(
±s
表5 前次手术方式(单纯胆囊切除、胆囊切除合并胆管取石)对术中及术后情况影响(
±s
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