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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 91 -97. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2026.02.004

论著

肝内胆管癌中三级淋巴结构及其他病理特征对预后的影响
邓励旺1, 黄予希1, 刘施沂2, 李彬3,()   
  1. 1 510080 广州,中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科
    2 510080 广州,中山大学附属第一医院消化内科
    3 510080 广州,中山大学附属第一医院临床研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-25 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 李彬
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科研基金项目(A2025056)

Prognostic impact of tertiary lymphoid structures and other pathological features in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Liwang Deng1, Yuxi Huang1, Shiyi Liu2, Bin Li3,()   

  1. 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    2 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    3 Clinical Trials Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Bin Li
引用本文:

邓励旺, 黄予希, 刘施沂, 李彬. 肝内胆管癌中三级淋巴结构及其他病理特征对预后的影响[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 91-97.

Liwang Deng, Yuxi Huang, Shiyi Liu, Bin Li. Prognostic impact of tertiary lymphoid structures and other pathological features in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 91-97.

目的

探讨肝内胆管癌(ICC)患者术后三级淋巴结构(TLS)、神经浸润、淋巴结转移等病理特征与预后的关系。

方法

回顾性分析中山大学附属第一医院2009年6月至2021年4月接受根治性切除的302例ICC患者的临床病理及随访资料。通过苏木精-伊红染色评估肿瘤内及肝组织内TLS状态,分为早期淋巴细胞聚集体(Agg)、初级滤泡(FL-1)及次级滤泡(FL-2)。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox回归模型进行生存分析。

结果

302例ICC患者中位无复发生存期(RFS)为9.9个月(95% CI:7.14~11.83),中位总生存期(OS)为29.5个月(95% CI:21.39~36.63)。肿瘤内TLS阳性124例(41.06%),阴性178例(58.94%)。多因素分析显示,肿瘤内TLS阳性为RFS (P=0.015)和OS (P=0.006)的独立保护因素。神经浸润为RFS (P=0.006)和OS (P<0.001)的独立危险因素。淋巴结转移为RFS (P<0.001)和OS(P<0.001)的独立危险因素。肝组织内TLS及TLS成熟度与RFS、OS均无显著相关。

结论

肿瘤内TLS阳性是ICC患者术后OS和RFS的独立保护因素,神经浸润和淋巴结转移是独立危险因素。上述病理特征可为ICC术后预后评估提供重要参考。

Objective

To investigate the prognostic values of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and other pathological features in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after curative resection.

Methods

Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 302 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC who underwent curative resection from June 2009 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. TLS in tumor and liver tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and classified as lymphoid aggregates (Agg), primary follicles (FL-1), and secondary follicles (FL-2). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model.

Results

The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 9.9 months (95% CI: 7.14-11.83) and 29.5 months (95% CI: 21.39-36.63), respectively. Intratumoral TLS were observed in 124 patients (41.06%). Multivariate analysis showed that intratumoral TLS positivity was an independent protective factor for RFS (P=0.015) and OS (P=0.006). Perineural invasion was an independent risk factor for RFS (P=0.006) and OS (P<0.001). Lymph node metastasis was also an independent risk factor for OS (P<0.001) and RFS (P<0.001). TLS in liver tissue and TLS maturation were not significantly associated with RFS or OS.

Conclusions

Intratumoral TLS positivity is an independent protective factor for OS and RFS in patients with ICC after surgery, while perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis are independent risk factors. These pathological features may provide valuable references for postoperative prognostic evaluation in ICC.

表1 不同肿瘤内TLS分组间基线特征的比较
项目 总例数 TLS阴性组 TLS阳性组 统计值 P
例数 302 178 124
年龄(岁) a 58 (51~66) 58 (48~65) 58 (52~66) -0.804 0.421
性别 - 1.000
175 (57.95) 103 (57.87) 72 (58.06)
127 (42.05) 75 (42.13) 52 (41.94)
白细胞(×109/L) a 7.09 (5.85~8.77) 7.83 (6.19~9.95) 6.55 (5.69~7.67) 3.920 <0.001
中性粒细胞(×109/L) a 4.39 (3.43~6.02) 5.08 (3.69~6.62) 4.08 (3.16~5.07) 3.747 <0.001
白蛋白(g/L) a 39.75 (36.40~42.20) 40.15 (36.90~42.60) 38.70 (35.20~41.60) 2.506 0.012
总胆红素(μmol/L) a 12.30 (9.60~19.00) 12.00 (9.50~17.20) 14.00 (9.65~28.85) -2.188 0.029
HBsAg - 0.113
阴性 222 (73.51) 137 (76.97) 85 (68.55)
阳性 80 (26.49) 41 (23.03) 39 (31.45)
肝硬化 - 0.574
235 (77.81) 136 (76.40) 99 (79.84)
67 (22.19) 42 (23.60) 25 (20.16)
AFP (μg/L) - 0.006
≤20 276 (91.39) 156 (87.64) 120 (96.77)
>20 26 (8.61) 22 (12.36) 4 (3.23)
CA19-9 (U/ml) - 0.395
≤37 108 (35.76) 60 (33.71) 48 (38.71)
>37 194 (64.24) 118 (66.29) 76 (61.29)
肿瘤直径(cm) - 0.100
≤5 129 (42.72) 69 (38.76) 60 (48.39)
>5 173 (57.28) 109 (61.24) 64 (51.61)
肿瘤个数 - 0.134
单发 230 (76.16) 130 (73.03) 100 (80.65)
多发 72 (23.84) 48 (26.97) 24 (19.35)
肿瘤分化程度 - 0.554
20 (6.62) 10(5.62) 10(8.06)
250(82.78) 147(82.58) 103(83.06)
32 (10.60) 21 (11.80) 11 (8.87)
微血管浸润 - 0.045
238 (78.81) 133 (74.72) 105 (84.68)
64 (21.19) 45 (25.28) 19 (15.32)
淋巴结转移 - 0.188
186 (61.59) 104 (58.43) 82 (66.13)
116 (38.41) 74 (41.57) 42 (33.87)
TNM分期 - 0.076
Ⅰ~Ⅱ 176 (58.28) 96 (53.93) 80 (64.52)
Ⅲ~Ⅳ 126 (41.72) 82 (46.07) 44 (35.48)
瘤内纤维化程度 - 0.015
95 (31.46) 46 (25.84) 49 (39.52)
83 (27.48) 48 (26.97) 35 (28.23)
124 (41.06) 84 (47.19) 40 (32.26)
肿瘤坏死 - 0.021
45 (14.90) 19 (10.67) 26 (20.97)
257 (85.10) 159 (89.33) 98 (79.03)
神经浸润 - <0.001
163 (53.97) 115 (64.61) 48 (38.71)
139 (46.03) 63 (35.39) 76 (61.29)
包膜侵犯 - 0.497
261 (86.42) 156 (87.64) 105 (84.68)
41 (13.58) 22 (12.36) 19 (15.32)
图1 肿瘤内三级淋巴结构状态与无复发生存期 (A)和总生存期 (B)的Kaplan-Meier曲线
表2 无复发生存期的单因素Cox回归分析
表3 无复发生存期的多因素Cox回归分析
表4 总生存期的单因素Cox回归分析
表5 总生存期的多因素Cox回归分析
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