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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (02) : 115 -118. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2023.02.006

所属专题: 经典病例

论著

胆囊鳞癌和腺鳞癌25例临床病理特点分析
吴翠婷1, 徐源2, 刘琦3, 肖剑春1, 刘卫1, 王婧4, 曲强1,()   
  1. 1. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院基本外科
    2. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院胸外科
    3. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院神经外科
    4. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院病理科
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-18 出版日期:2023-04-01
  • 通信作者: 曲强

Clinical characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: An analysis of 25 cases

Cuiting Wu1, Yuan Xu2, Qi Liu3, Jianchun Xiao1, Wei Liu1, Jing Wang4, Qiang Qu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
    2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
    3. Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
    4. Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2022-10-18 Published:2023-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Qiang Qu
引用本文:

吴翠婷, 徐源, 刘琦, 肖剑春, 刘卫, 王婧, 曲强. 胆囊鳞癌和腺鳞癌25例临床病理特点分析[J]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2023, 17(02): 115-118.

Cuiting Wu, Yuan Xu, Qi Liu, Jianchun Xiao, Wei Liu, Jing Wang, Qiang Qu. Clinical characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: An analysis of 25 cases[J]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(02): 115-118.

目的

总结胆囊鳞癌(SC)和腺鳞癌(ASC)的临床表现、病理特点及诊疗方法。

方法

回顾性分析2003年1月至2021年12月北京协和医院收治的25例SC和ASC病例资料,包括患者基本信息、临床表现、血清学检查、影像学检查、手术方式和病理特点。

结果

25例中SC 5例,ASC 20例。21例(84.0%)以不特异的腹痛为首发症状。患者胆红素水平均正常,5例(20.0%)丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)升高,9例(36.0%)γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)同时升高。CT下SC和ASC主要表现为局部浸润性生长,淋巴结转移不明显。19例(76.0%)行根治性胆囊癌切除,3例(12.0%)行姑息性胆囊切除,3例(12.0%)为胆囊结石术后病理偶然发现。SC和ASC的淋巴结转移率和低分化占比比较,差异均无统计学意义(0 vs 69.2%,P=0.143;20.0% vs 45.0%,P=0.615)。

结论

SC和ASC属于侵袭性癌症,早期诊断困难,根治性手术切除是主要的治疗手段。

Objective

To summarize the clinical manifestations, pathological characteristics and treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SC) and adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASC) of the gallbladder.

Methods

A total of 25 patients with SC/ASC in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2003 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline information, clinical manifestations, serology, radiological examination, surgical information and pathological characteristics were collected.

Results

In the 25 cases, 5 were SC and 20 were ASC. 21 patients (84.0%) presented with nonspecific abdominal pain as the first symptom. All patients had normal bilirubin. 5 patients (20.0%) had elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). 9 patients (36.0%) had elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatases (ALP). SC/ASC usually showed local invasive growth without lymph node metastasis on CT scan. 19 patients (76.0%) underwent radical gallbladder resection. 3 patients (12.0%) underwent palliative cholecystectomy. 3 patients (12.0%) were incidentally diagnosed by postoperative pathology of gallstones. The incidence of lymph node metastasis between SC and ASC were 0 and 69.2%, respectively (P=0.143). There was no significant difference in the proportion of poor differentiation between SC and ASC (20.0% vs 45.0%, P=0.615).

Conclusion

SC and ASC of gallbladder are invasive cancer, difficult in early diagnosis, and radical surgical resection is the preferred treatment.

图1 胆囊鳞癌和腺鳞癌的CT征象 患者1胆囊内软组织密度影,约2.2 cm×1.8 cm(A);患者2胆囊壁弥漫性增厚,最厚处1.1 cm(B);箭头所示为胆囊癌
表1 25例患者手术及临床病理情况
序号 年龄(岁) 性别 肿瘤最大径(cm) 胆囊管受累 临近脏器受累 手术方式 切除情况 病理类型 胆囊结石
1 67 6 胆囊+胆囊床部分肝组织切除 R1 SC
2 79 5.5 胆囊+胆囊床部分肝组织切除 R0 ASC
3 69 1.5 腹腔镜胆囊切除 R1 ASC
4 41 7 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R0 ASC
5 81 2 腹腔镜胆囊切除 R0 SC
6 38 3 腹腔镜胆囊切除 R0 ASC
7 64 6 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R0 ASC
8 68 9 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R1 ASC
9 57 5.2 姑息性胆囊切除、胆管内支架植入 R2 ASC
10 72 4.5 胆囊+胆囊床部分肝组织切除 R1 SC
11 57 6 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R0 ASC
12 68 1.5 胆囊+胆囊床部分肝组织切除 R0 SC
13 75 8 肝、右半结肠、十二指肠球部、胃窦 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R1 ASC
14 44 6.5 肝、大网膜、肝十二指肠韧带、胃前壁 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R1 ASC
15 60 5 肝、结肠、直肠、脾、膈肌、肚脐、子宫、双卵巢、左卵管、双侧宫骶韧带 胆囊及周围脏器广泛切除 R1 ASC
16 71 4 外周脂肪 姑息性胆囊切除 R2 ASC
17 69 2.1 外周脂肪 胆囊+胆总管切除、胆肠吻合 R1 ASC
18 65 1.2 腹腔镜胆囊切除 R0 ASC
19 71 8 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R1 ASC
20 61 1.2 胆囊+胆囊床部分肝组织切除 R0 SC
21 67 5.2 胆囊+胆总管切除、胆肠吻合 R0 ASC
22 65 6 外周脂肪 姑息性胆囊切除 R2 ASC
23 68 1.5 肝、胃、胰腺 胆囊及周围脏器广泛切除 R1 ASC
24 42 10 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R1 ASC
25 62 4.5 胆囊+肝方叶切除 R0 ASC
图2 典型病灶病理切片(苏木精-伊红染色,×100) A为胆囊鳞癌;B为胆囊腺鳞癌
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