To analyze the reasons of ascites after liver transplantation and to understand the risk factors, so as to effectively prevent and treat ascites after liver transplantation.

A retrospective analysis of clinical data of forty-seven patients with liver transplantation from January 2015 to December 2016 in Zhongshan People’s Hospital were processed. According to the occurrence of ascites after operation, 24 cases were divided into ascites group and 23 cases for non- ascites group. The risk factors of ascites after liver transplantation were analyzed by single factor analysis, Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis.

Logistic regression analysis showed that albumin (ALB) level at the first day after surgery, donor cholinesterase (ChE) and time after brain death were risk factors for ascites (P=0.017, 0.044, 0.035). The risk of ascites increased by 6.531, 1.000 and 1.052 times for each grade of ALB at the first day after operation, 1 U of donor ChE and 1 hour of time after brain death. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of ChE was 5 142 U/L (P=0.039, 95% CI: 0.520-0.832), and the sensitivity and specificity were 79.2% and 56.5% respectively; the optimal cut-off value of time after brain death was 21.5 h (P=0.041, 95% CI: 0.520-0.828), and the sensitivity and specificity were 62.5% and 73.9% respectively.

Increasing the ALB level at the first day after surgery, choosing relatively low ChE donors and reducing the waiting time after brain death can reduce the risk of ascites after liver transplantation.