The ligamentum teres hepatis (LTH), a fibrous band with a potential lumen formed from the obliterated left umbilical vein, offers distinct advantages, including accessibility, good biocompatibility, and absence of immunogenic rejection. In recent years, its value in reconstructive surgery within hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery has garnered increasing attention. The clinical applications of LTH encompass a wide spectrum, such as achieving surgical hemostasis, repairing biliary defects, reinforcing bilioenteric or pancreaticojejunal anastomoses to prevent bile or pancreatic fistula, and facilitating abdominal vascular reconstruction. This paper describes the anatomical and histological characteristics of LTH and discusses its applications in liver, biliary tract, pancreatic, and abdominal vascular surgery, while also exploring its prospects.

Portal hypertension complicated with hypersplenism often leads to severe complications, while traditional splenectomy has its own limitations. From a surgical perspective, this article systematically explores the theoretical basis, precise practice strategies, and synergistic applications of partial splenic artery embolization (PSE) with other treatment modalities in managing this condition. PSE reduces splenic blood flow by embolizing distal splenic artery branches, thereby effectively lowering portal pressure, correcting cytopenia, alleviating the splenic steal phenomenon, improving hepatic perfusion, and preserving certain immune function. Precise implementation includes preoperative CT angiography and three-dimensional volumetric assessment to guide decision-making, intraoperative selective or non-selective embolization strategies, multimodal material combinations to optimize outcomes, and postoperative targeted management to prevent complications such as post-embolization syndrome, splenic abscess, and portal vein thrombosis. PSE can be integrated with splenectomy, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and liver transplantation as preoperative conditioning, bridging therapy, or a combined approach. In conclusion, PSE is a safe, minimally invasive, and effective treatment modality that has become a core component of multimodal therapy for portal hypertension with hypersplenism. In the future, advancements in novel materials, artificial intelligence, and precise imaging technologies will further enhance its efficacy, and surgeons should actively participate in multidisciplinary collaboration to develop individualized strategies for optimizing long-term patient prognosis.

Toinvestigate the prognostic values of nutrition-and inflammation-related indicators in pancreatic cancer and construct a personalized predictive model.

Clinical data from 158 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent radical resection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2016 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Cox regression was used to identify markers associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The prognostic nutritional inflammation score (PNIS) system and PNIS-nomogram were developed using the ‘rms’ package and evaluated via time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

The PNIS formula, based on prognostic nutritional index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, alanine aminotransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, stratified patients into low- and high-risk groups, with high-risk patients showing significantly shorter OS (P<0.001) and DFS (P<0.001). The PNIS-nomogram, incorporating pathological grade, N stage, chemotherapy, and smoking history, demonstrated excellent predictive performance for 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS (AUC: 0.896, 0.782, 0.783) and DFS (AUC: 0.775, 0.766, 0.784), with favorable calibration and DCA results.

The PNIS-nomogram serves as a reliable tool for effectively predicting long-term postoperative outcomes in pancreatic cancer patients and may provide new insights into the role of abnormal inflammatory responses and malnutrition in pancreatic cancer.

To investigate the prognostic values of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and other pathological features in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after curative resection.

Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 302 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC who underwent curative resection from June 2009 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. TLS in tumor and liver tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and classified as lymphoid aggregates (Agg), primary follicles (FL-1), and secondary follicles (FL-2). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model.

The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 9.9 months (95% CI: 7.14-11.83) and 29.5 months (95% CI: 21.39-36.63), respectively. Intratumoral TLS were observed in 124 patients (41.06%). Multivariate analysis showed that intratumoral TLS positivity was an independent protective factor for RFS (P=0.015) and OS (P=0.006). Perineural invasion was an independent risk factor for RFS (P=0.006) and OS (P<0.001). Lymph node metastasis was also an independent risk factor for OS (P<0.001) and RFS (P<0.001). TLS in liver tissue and TLS maturation were not significantly associated with RFS or OS.

Intratumoral TLS positivity is an independent protective factor for OS and RFS in patients with ICC after surgery, while perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis are independent risk factors. These pathological features may provide valuable references for postoperative prognostic evaluation in ICC.

To compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic commom bile duct exploration+laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LTCBDE+LC) versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography/endoscopic sphincterotomy+laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ERCP/EST+LC) in the treatment of patients with gallbladder stones and non-expanding common bile duct stones.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the relevant data of 98 patients with gallbladder stones and non-expanding common bile duct stones from August 2020 to August 2025 in Fuyang City Tumor Hospital. 50 patients underwent LTCBDE + LC (surgical group), and 48 patients underwent ERCP/EST + LC (endoscopic group). The preoperative and intraoperative data, postoperative recovery conditions, and complications of the two groups of patients were observed.

There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative baseline data and laboratory tests between the two groups. The intraoperative blood loss of the surgical group (23.68±8.97) ml was comparable to that of the endoscopic group (25.90±9.80) ml, with no significantly statistical difference. The operation time of the surgical group (105.76±21.47) min was significantly shorter than that of the endoscopic group (146.67±23.19) min, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The postoperative time to get out of bed, postoperative defecation time, postoperative removal time of abdominal drainage tube/nasobiliary tube, and postoperative pain score of the surgical group were significantly better than those of the endoscopic group [(6.88±2.36) h, (19.63±4.93) h, (4.02±0.33) d, (2.65±1.08) points], with statistical differences (P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay and treatment cost of the surgical group (3.84±0.89) days and (25 624.46±2 599.82) yuan were also significantly better than those of the endoscopic group [(6.42±1.15) days, (28 672.56±3 835.13) yuan], with statistical differences (P<0.05). The overall complication rate of the endoscopic group (27.08%) was significantly higher than that of the surgical group (10.00%), with statistical difference (P<0.05).

Compared with ERCP/EST + LC, LTCBDE + LC can reduce intraoperative blood loss, accelerate postoperative recovery, reduce treatment costs, and decrease postoperative complications. Under the premise of strictly controlling the surgical indications, it is worthy of clinical application.

To investigate the expression of SF3B5 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of PTC patients, and to reveal the function and molecular mechanisms of SF3B5 in PTC progression.

The expression levels of SF3B5 in PTC and normal tissues from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed for their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis. A retrospective study was conducted on 95 patients with PTC selected by simple random sampling from January 2011 to June 2015. Clinicopathological data were collected, and SF3B5 expression in PTC tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The Chi-square test, univariate, and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the correlation between SF3B5 and PTC clinicopathological characteristics. TPC-1 and KTC-1 cell lines with overexpressing SF3B5 were constructed for cell phenotype experiments to investigate the effects of SF3B5 on cell proliferation and migration. Total RNA was extracted for transcriptome sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) enrichment analyses were performed on the transcriptome sequencing data and TCGA database data. Downstream pathway molecules were validated by Western blotting.

(1) TCGA database analysis showed that SF3B5 expression was lower in PTC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. SF3B5 expression was significantly decreased in PTC tissues with BRAF mutation, extrathyroidal extension, lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM), T3/T4 stage, and R1/R2 resection status (P<0.05). (2) Immunohistochemical staining analysis revealed low SF3B5 expression in 50 cases and high expression in 45 cases among PTC tissues. Compared to patients with high SF3B5 expression, the proportion of patients with LLNM was significantly higher in the low SF3B5 expression group (P=0.043). (3) Low SF3B5 expression and extrathyroidal extension were independent risk factors affecting LLNM in PTC patients. (4) SF3B5 inhibited PTC progression through the JAK-STAT and TGF-β signaling pathways.

SF3B5 is downregulated in PTC, and its low expression serves as an independent risk factor for lateral lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. Mechanistically, SF3B5 suppresses tumor progression through negative regulation of the JAK-STAT and TGF-β signaling pathways. These findings suggest that SF3B5 may serve as a novel biomarker for assessing metastatic risk and represent a potential therapeutic target in PTC.

To evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and its antibiotic resistance profile in the population of Shenzhen.

A total of 7 000 participants were enrolled. Gastric biopsy specimens were obtained during gastroscopy, followed by endoscopic and histopathological evaluation. Hp infection status and antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of extracted genomic DNA.

The overall Hp infection rate among participants was 55.36% from 2023 to 2025. The peak infection rate occurred in participants aged 25-34 years. Among the 3 875 infected individuals screened for antibiotic resistance, the clarithromycin resistance rate was 40.75%, and the fluoroquinolone resistance rate was 22.63%. Higher clarithromycin resistance rates were observed in children and adolescents. Patients with histologically confirmed gastric atrophy exhibited the highest infection rate, while antibiotic resistance was most frequently observed in infected cases with concomitant intestinal metaplasia. Persistent infections demonstrated higher antibiotic resistance rates compared to initial infections.

This study presents a comprehensive update on Hp infection in southern China, characterizing its current prevalence patterns, emerging antibiotic resistance profiles, and clinical associations.

To construct a “Three-Dimensional and Four-Level” interdisciplinary supervisor team training model and evaluate its effectiveness in cultivating the research competence of postgraduates in general surgery, compared with the traditional single-supervisor model.

A total of 112 academic master’s degree postgraduates in general surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2020 to 2023 were enrolled. They were divided into interdisciplinary supervisor team training (experimental group, n=32) and traditional single-supervisor training (control group, n=80). The training outcomes were assessed by comparing six quantitative indicators (including the number of published papers, total impact factor, the number of granted invention patents, National Scholarship acquisition rate, outstanding graduate selection rate, and doctoral program admission success rate) and teaching satisfaction scores between the two groups.

The experimental group demonstrated statistically significant superiority in all the six quantitative indicators over the control group (P<0.05). Notably, the average number of published papers per capita, total impact factor, and the average number of authorized invention patents per capita showed marked improvement. The overall teaching satisfaction score was also significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.01).

The “Three-Dimensional and Four-Level” interdisciplinary supervisor team model, by integrating multidisciplinary resources and implementing a stepwise training pathway, can significantly enhance the research innovation capability, output quality, and training satisfaction of postgraduates in general surgery. This model provides a practical and replicable paradigm for optimizing postgraduate training system under the backgroud of “New Medical Science”.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as a major breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy, have demonstrated significant efficacy in the systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In recent years, the application of neoadjuvant therapy with ICIs in liver transplantation for HCC has become a hot topic, aiming to reduce tumor burden and improve transplant outcomes through pre-operative immune activation. However, ICIs may exacerbate post-transplant immune rejection, and their safety and efficacy still require careful evaluation. Based on the latest domestic and international research progress, this article reviews the current status and key issues regarding the application of neoadjuvant therapy with ICIs in liver transplantation for HCC.

Over the past six decades, liver transplantation has witnessed continuous advancements in its technical system and clinical concepts, and has now become standardized treatment for end-stage liver disease. Notably, large-for-size liver syndrome (LFSS) caused by graft-recipient size mismatch remains one of the major challenges restricting the efficacy of adult liver transplantation. Accurate preoperative assessment, rational surgical planning, and targeted intraoperative intervention are key links in preventing and controlling this complication. With the in-depth study of its pathological mechanism, targeted intervention strategies such as delayed abdominal closure, graft volume reduction, and portal blood flow regulation have been constantly improved. The application of innovative technologies including augmented reality, virtual reality, three-dimensional printing, and artificial intelligence further provides multi-modal visual support for preoperative assessment and planning. This article systematically reviews the research progress on the core mechanism of LFSS and summarizes the innovative application of various new technologies in liver transplantation surgery, aiming to provide theoretical support and technical route reference for improving the clinical prognosis of liver transplantation.

To compare the efficacy and safety of continuous versus simple interrupted suturing in laparoscopic repair of peptic ulcer perforation.

Clinical studies comparing the two suturing techniques were searched in Chinese and English databases from the inception to November 13, 2025. After methodological quality assessment and data extraction of the included studies, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

A total of 14 studies (1 randomized controlled trial and 13 observational studies) involving 1 146 patients were included. The overall complication rate (RR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.88, P=0.01) and hospital stay (WMD=-0.41, 95% CI: -0.66,-0.16, P=0.001) were significantly lower in the continuous suturing group compared to the interrupted suturing group, with no significant difference in fistula occurrence between the two groups. Subgroup analysis indicated that continuous suturing was faster for perforations with a diameter >0.85 cm. Regarding ulcer healing, continuous suturing was superior to interrupted suturing using silk sutures (RR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.47, P<0.000 01), but showed no significant difference when compared to interrupted suturing using absorbable sutures. Continuous suture with absorbable sutures resulted in a shorter gastrointestinal function recovery time compared to interrupted suture with silk sutures, and intraoperative blood loss varied depending on the suture material type.

Continuous suturing for laparoscopic repair of peptic ulcer perforation is safe and feasible, associated with reduced complications and shorter hospital stay. It demonstrates higher suturing efficiency for larger perforations (>0.85 cm), and continuous suturing with absorbable sutures appears more conducive to ulcer healing.