To investigate the effect of ultramicro-flow imaging (SMI) combined with Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in the detection of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).

Sixty-six patients with HT thyroid nodules admitted to Zhongshan City People’s Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected. SMI combined with TI-RADS examination were performed for all patients. The blood supply of nodules was analyzed based on pathological findings. The accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of SMI, TI-RADS and combined diagnosis were compared.

97 thyroid nodules were detected in the 66 patients, of which 82 were benign and 15 were malignant. The blood supply of nodules was peripheral vessels, internal vessels, perforating vessels and mixed vessels. The detection rate of benign and malignant nodules by SMI, TI-RADS and combined detection was 86.67% (13/15) and 81.71% (67/82). The TI-RADS were 80.00% (12/15) and 84.15% (69/82), respectively. The combined detection was 93.33% (14/15) and 97.56% (80/82), respectively. The accuracy, specificity and positive predictive value of combined diagnosis were significantly higher (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in sensitivity and negative predictive value.

SMI combined with TI-RADS has high application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in the background of HT, and its diagnostic accuracy and specificity are significantly improved, providing reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.