To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of single-port laparoscopic-assisted precision breast-conserving surgery (SPE-BCS) in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer by comparing it with conventional open breast-conserving surgery (C-BCS).

The clinical data of female patients with stage Ⅰ–Ⅱ breast cancer who underwent SPE-BCS (60 patients) and C-BCS (80 patients) in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, from July 2022 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including surgical procedures, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, pathological resection margin status, and oncological outcomes. Postoperative cosmetic outcomes and quality of life were also assessed. The median follow-up time was 30 months.

Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. The SPE-BCS group had slightly shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss than the C-BCS group. Both groups had negative surgical margins and similar postoperative complication rates. Six months after surgery, patients in the SPE-BCS group had higher cosmetic satisfaction and higher BREAST-Q scores, indicating less postoperative pain and better chest wall comfort. During the follow-up, no local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred in either group.

SPE-BCS offers advantages such as smaller incisions, improved cosmetic results, avoiding heat damage while maintaining oncological efficacy. It is a feasible and safe alternative to C-BCS. With the widespread adoption of this technique and a shortened learning curve, this procedure is expected to become a new surgical procedure in breast-conserving treatment for early-stage breast cancer.