To determine whether the host tissue responses in the abdominal hernia rabbit model and explore the feasibility of repairing the hernia with biotic mesh.

To establish the model of incisional hernia, full structure of abdominal wall (muscle and peritoneum) of rabbits was cut by size of 2 cm×3 cm. Protruding abdominal mass of rabbits was observed one week later. The incisional hernias were repaired with nanometer bionic mesh in the one-stage operation. The complications, including infection of incisional wound and recurrence of hernia, were observed. Full-thickness sections of abdominal wall were evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis.

No intraoperative or anesthesia-related complications or mesh infection were recorded. We were able to establish the model of incisional hernia one week postoperatively and typically. No recurrent hernia was found in one stage repair. There were few intraperitoneal adhesions induced by the nanometer bionic mesh. The nanometer bionic mesh became changed and absorbed subsequently with collagen proliferation and turned to be dense connective tissue at 6 months after operation.

Removal of abdominal tissues by size of 2 cm×3 cm can build a stable model of incisional hernia. The nanometer bionic mesh may be an ideal mesh for repairing abdominal external hernia.