To investigate the incidence and related factors of chronic pain after abdominal wall incisional hernia repair, in order to reduce the occurence of postoperative chronic pain and improve the quality of life of patients.

A total of 213 patients with abdominal wall incisional hernia who were admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were followed up to observe the chronic pain within 1 year after abdominal wall incisional hernia repair. According to the follow-up results, they were divided into the pain group and the pain-free group, to screen out the risk factors of postoperative chronic pain.

A total of 27 patients developed chronic pain, and the rate was 12.68%. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in gender, body mass index (BMI), recurrent hernia, and postoperative incision complications between the pain group and the pain-free group (all P<0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: female ( β=1.82, OR=6.17, 95% CI: 1.34-28.46, P=0.020), BMI≥24 kg/m² ( β=1.04, OR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.09-7.32, P=0.034), recurrent hernia ( β=1.73, OR=5.65, 95% CI: 1.88-17.02, P=0.002), and postoperative incision complications ( β=1.43, OR=4.16, 95% CI: 1.53-11.33, P=0.005) were the risk factors of postoperative chronic pain.

Female, BMI≥24 kg/m², recurrent hernia, and postoperative incision complications are independent risk factors for chronic pain after surgery. It is necessary to estimate properly and take prevention measures before incisional hernia repair to reduce postoperative chronic pain.