To construct a “Three-Dimensional and Four-Level” interdisciplinary supervisor team training model and evaluate its effectiveness in cultivating the research competence of postgraduates in general surgery, compared with the traditional single-supervisor model.

A total of 112 academic master’s degree postgraduates in general surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2020 to 2023 were enrolled. They were divided into interdisciplinary supervisor team training (experimental group, n=32) and traditional single-supervisor training (control group, n=80). The training outcomes were assessed by comparing six quantitative indicators (including the number of published papers, total impact factor, the number of granted invention patents, National Scholarship acquisition rate, outstanding graduate selection rate, and doctoral program admission success rate) and teaching satisfaction scores between the two groups.

The experimental group demonstrated statistically significant superiority in all the six quantitative indicators over the control group (P<0.05). Notably, the average number of published papers per capita, total impact factor, and the average number of authorized invention patents per capita showed marked improvement. The overall teaching satisfaction score was also significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.01).

The “Three-Dimensional and Four-Level” interdisciplinary supervisor team model, by integrating multidisciplinary resources and implementing a stepwise training pathway, can significantly enhance the research innovation capability, output quality, and training satisfaction of postgraduates in general surgery. This model provides a practical and replicable paradigm for optimizing postgraduate training system under the backgroud of “New Medical Science”.