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中华普通外科学文献(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02) : 89 -95. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0793.2025.02.003

论著

通过构建胃癌类器官共培养模型探究嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗与临床病理的关系
方伟超1,2, 王晨1,2, 刘馨然1,2, 李宽1,2, 侯浩斌1,2, 陈伟1,2, 李明哲1,2, 何裕隆1,2, 张常华1,2,()   
  1. 1. 518107 深圳,中山大学附属第七医院消化医学中心
    2. 518107 深圳,广东省消化系统恶性肿瘤防治研究重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-08 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 张常华
  • 基金资助:
    广东省消化系统恶性肿瘤防治研究重点实验室开放基金项目(2021B1212040006)深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”资助项目(SZSM201911010)深圳市医学重点学科建设基金项目(SZXK016)深圳市可持续发展科技专项(KCXFZ20200201101059392)深圳市科技创新委员会科技重大专项(KJZD20230923114101003)

Gastric organoid co-culture model for investigating the relationship between chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapy and clinicopathological features

Weichao Fang1,2, Chen Wang1,2, Xinran Liu1,2, Kuan Li1,2, Haobin Hou1,2, Wei Chen1,2, Mingzhe Li1,2, Yulong He1,2, Changhua Zhang1,2,()   

  1. 1. Digestive Diseases Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
    2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Shenzhen 518107, China
  • Received:2024-03-08 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Changhua Zhang
引用本文:

方伟超, 王晨, 刘馨然, 李宽, 侯浩斌, 陈伟, 李明哲, 何裕隆, 张常华. 通过构建胃癌类器官共培养模型探究嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗与临床病理的关系[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 89-95.

Weichao Fang, Chen Wang, Xinran Liu, Kuan Li, Haobin Hou, Wei Chen, Mingzhe Li, Yulong He, Changhua Zhang. Gastric organoid co-culture model for investigating the relationship between chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapy and clinicopathological features[J/OL]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(02): 89-95.

目的

构建胃癌类器官与CLDN18.2-嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)共培养模型,探究CAR-T杀伤效率与临床病理因素,尤其是CLDN18.2表达强度的关系。

方法

收集2022年9月至2023年8月中山大学附属第七医院收治的73例胃癌患者临床病理资料。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测肿瘤组织CLDN18.2表达。构建胃癌类器官并通过免疫组织化学和免疫荧光染色验证CLDN18.2表达特征。构建CLDN18.2-CAR-T细胞,将其与12例胃癌类器官共培养,采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放实验、酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)细胞因子检测及荧光杀伤成像评估CAR-T杀伤效率。单因素分析和相关性分析探究CLDN18.2表达强度与CAR-T杀伤效率的关系。

结果

体外培养类器官保留了原发肿瘤的CLDN18.2表达特征。共培养实验证明CAR-T能够有效杀伤类器官。临床病理单因素分析证实,CLDN18.2表达强度是影响CAR-T杀伤效率的因素。相关性分析提示,杀伤效率与CLDN18.2表达水平呈显著正相关(r=0.73,P=0.007)。

结论

成功构建了用于体外验证CAR-T治疗效果的共培养模型,并成功制备出具有显著活性的靶向CLDN18.2的CAR-T。

Objective

To construct a co-culture model of gastric cancer organoids and CLDN18.2-chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, and to investigate the relationship between CAR-T cytotoxicity and clinicopathological factors, especially the intensity of CLDN18.2 expression.

Methods

Clinical and pathological data were collected from 73 patients with gastric cancer admitted in the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from September 2022 to August 2023. CLDN18.2 expression in tumor tissues was detected using immunohistochemical staining. Gastric cancer organoids were established and the CLDN18.2 expression profile was verified by both immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. CLDN18.2-CAR-T cells were developed and co-cultured with 12 gastric cancer organoid models.CAR-T cell cytotoxicity was evaluated using lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for cytokine detection, and fluorescence imaging of cell killing. Univariate and correlation analyses were performed to explore the relationship between CLDN18.2 expression and CAR-T cell cytotoxicity.

Results

Organoids retained the expression characteristics of CLDN18.2 in the primary tumors. Co-culture experiments demonstrated that CAR-T cells killed the organoids effectively.Univariate analysis of clinicopathological factors confirmed that CLDN18.2 expression intensity was a factor influencing CAR-T cell cytotoxicity. Correlation analysis indicated significantly positive correlation between cytotoxicity and CLDN18.2 expression level (r=0.73, P=0.007).

Conclusion

A successful co-culture model was constructed for in vitro validation of CAR-T therapeutic efficacy and development of highly active CLDN18.2-targeted CAR-T cells.

表1 73例胃癌患者的CLDN18.2表达强度与临床病理资料[例(%)]
项目 CLDN18.2 表达强度 P
- + ++ +++
例数 73 25 (34.25) 30 (41.10) 5 (6.84) 13 (17.81)
性别 0.83a
54 (73.97) 21(28.77) 16 (21.92) 5 (6.85) 12 (16.44)
19 (26.03) 4 (5.48) 14 (19.18) 0 (0) 1 (1.37)
临床分期 0.24b
11 (15.07) 3 (4.11) 7 (9.59) 0 (0) 1 (1.37)
13 (17.81) 8 (10.96) 2 (2.74) 1 (1.37) 2 (2.74)
18 (24.66) 4 (5.48) 7 (9.59) 2 (2.74) 5 (6.85)
31 (42.47) 10 (13.70) 14 (19.18) 2 (2.74) 5 (6.85)
Lauren分型 0.21b
弥漫型 35 (47.95) 17 (23.29) 10 (13.70) 2 (2.74) 6 (8.22)
肠型 19 (26.03) 3 (4.11) 12 (16.44) 1 (1.37) 3 (4.11)
混合型 19 (26.03) 5 (6.85) 8 (10.96) 2 (2.74) 4 (5.48)
WHO分型 0.02b
中分化型 15 (20.55) 10 (13.70) 3 (4.11) 2 (2.74) 0 (0)
低分化型 41 (56.16) 15 (20.55) 13 (17.81) 1 (1.37) 12 (16.44)
印戒细胞癌 17 (23.29) 0 (0) 14 (19.18) 2 (2.74) 1 (1.37)
HER2 表达 0.50b
- 28 (38.36) 10 (13.70) 10 (13.70) 2 (2.74) 6 (8.22)
+ 28 (38.36) 8 (10.96) 14 (19.18) 2 (2.74) 4 (5.48)
++ 12 (16.44) 4 (5.48) 4 (5.48) 1 (1.37) 3 (4.11)
+++ 5 (6.85) 3 (4.11) 2 (2.74) 0 (0) 0 (0)
微卫星稳定分型 0.72a
MSS 69 (94.52) 23 (31.51) 29 (39.73) 5 (6.85) 12 (16.44)
MSI 4 (5.48) 2 (2.74) 1 (1.37) 0 (0) 1 (1.37)
图1 胃癌类器官的培养与CLDN18.2表达特征分析 A为光学显微镜下类器官培养的形态学特征(比例尺:100 μm);B为临床样本与对应类器官的苏木精-伊红染色和CLDN18.2免疫组织化学染色(比例尺:50 μm);C为正常胃和胃癌类器官中F-actin和CLDN18.2的免疫荧光染色(原始图:100 μm;放大图:10 μm)
图2 CLDN18.2-CAR-T细胞的制备 A为CLDN18.2-CAR结构示意图;B为流式细胞术检测CAR-T细胞转染效率
图3 CAR-T细胞靶向杀伤类器官 A为LDH释放实验检测在不同效应靶标比条件下的杀伤效率;B为LDH释放实验检测在不同时间点的杀伤效率;C为CAR-T介导的类器官杀伤过程的时序光镜显微图像(比例尺:左图250 μm,右图100 μm);D为LDH释放实验比较UTD与CAR-T细胞的杀伤效率;*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;****P<0.000 1
图4 CAR-T细胞介导的杀伤效率与CLDN18.2表达强度高度相关 A为校正后杀伤效率与CLDN18.2表达水平的相关性分析;B为GC09、GC10、GC11和GC12荧光杀伤成像图像(红色:T细胞;绿色:Caspase-3/7;比例尺:25 μm);C为GC09、GC10、GC11和GC12的CLDN18.2免疫组织化学染色(比例尺:60 μm);D为不同类器官模型中细胞因子释放的ELISA检测结果;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;****P<0.000 1
表2 12例胃癌类器官的CLDN18.2表达强度与临床病理资料
表3 影响共培养模型杀伤效率的单因素分析
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